Who Are Sociologists And What Influences They Have Had

Who are sociologists and what influences they have had? In this paper, we will discuss four sociologists: Karl Marx, Max Weber, Emile Durkheim and George Mead. They are all well-known and influential thinkers of their time who have greatly contributed to the current sociological approaches and studies. They differ in their theories, but all of them have a common goal to uncover the structural and social foundation of the society. What is society? How does it function? What drives the societal change? -are the questions that those four sociologists will try to answer through either an approach of â€Å"structuralism† or â€Å"agency†. Agency refers to individuals acting independently and making their own choices; whereas structuralism refers to the†¦show more content†¦He believed that the society was too economically driven which resulted in men becoming â€Å"an appendage of the machine †¦ losing all individual character and all charm for the workmanâ₠¬ (Lecture Marx 1/25/17 slide #14). This had led to an alienation of labor and commodification of labor. Individuals started making products and working only for the economic purposes rather than for the emotional joy of creativity and innovation. The technological uses were advanced to reach the maximum efficiency of mass production and Proletariats were used as tools or as hands to keep the production going. The class difference was something that Marx believed to be a defining feature of any society. He stated that â€Å"the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.†(Lecture Marx 1/25/17 slide 8). He believed that class conflict is what drives progress/change. That because of class difference, and exploitation of the working class, Proletariat would eventually become aware of their situation and as a result would rebel and revolt against the capitalist system. Gaining social consciousness was fundamental to creating a social change. Weber like Marx, identified himself as a political economist. He had a quite different background. He was an upper middle class German, who has aShow MoreRelatedSociology : How Human Action And Consciousness Shape The Surrounding Of Cultural And Social Culture1734 Words   |  7 PagesZygmunt Bauman once said, â€Å"The task for sociology is to come to the help of the individual. We have to be in service of freedom. It is something we have lost sight of.† This quote means the main purpose of sociology is to help people with our freedom of service, because it is something we as people lost sight of. Sociology can be defined by Dictionary.com, as the science or study of the origin, development, organization, and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of socialRead MoreExplain The Procedures Of Three Sociological Research Methods And Evaluate Their Strengths And Weaknesses Essay961 Words   |  4 Pageshow people function as a society sociologist stri ve to explain social problems. This is achieved through research methods. Research methods can take many different approaches and rarely is one method used to gain insight and understanding, a mixture of different concepts can be used so the findings are more rigor. This is known as triangulation (Pullinger,2014,p.89). Many different factors can influence methods, self interest can affect whether the sociologist is prepared to carry out time consumingRead MoreExplain The Procedures Of Three Sociological Research Methods And Evaluate Their Strengths And Weaknesses1151 Words   |  5 Pageshow people function as a society sociologist strive to explain social problems. This is achieved through research methods. Research methods can take many different approaches and rarely is one method used to gain insight and understanding, a mixture of different concepts can be used so the findings are more rigor. This is known as triangulation (Pullinger,2014,p.89). Many different factors can influence methods, self interest can affect whether the sociologist is prepared to carry out time consumingRead MoreAn Explanation Of Why Sociologists Are Interested On Class1275 Words   |  6 PagesClass is important as it can determine various aspects that will have a significant impact and influence on how people’s lives are shaped. Feminists have argued for other things to be included such as social divisions to show how they intersect with class. Economic inequalities can have an impact on class as they can determine a person’s status, wealth, income and lifestyle. Class is important as social inequalities exists amongst the rich and poor. Important social factors include poverty, healthRead MoreShould School For Pregnant Teens?922 Words   |  4 Pagesschools to help pregnant teen who are determined or those who just simply want to continue their education. Regardless of their situation, I believe it would give then a sense of relie f knowing that their child is close by and are being taken care of. I agree with the article written by the teacher to some extent, school should help the pregnant teens as much as they can but should not give them the impression that it is the best thing to be a pregnant teen. Sociologist might want to study problemsRead MoreThe Textbook, Sociology867 Words   |  4 PagesIt gives me ideas to research more about hidden cultures such as the Gullah. The people who do this type of research are known as sociologists and there are three particular sociologists that I believe have interesting lives and great theories as well. The three sociologists that I believe have the most intriguing lives are Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber. Comte is the most influential sociologist since he is the founder of sociology; he believed that society needed to improve and thatRead More Marx, Durkheim, Weber and Sociology Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe theoretical works of Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber still influence sociological theory. Though their works are decades old they still are a major part of what sociology is today. Though their theories can seem very different, there are some similarities. To become a great sociologist one most learn and understands how to use all sociological perspectives. To do this one must understand and use the different theoretical perspectives created by Marx, Durkheim, and Weber. Karl Marx theoreticalRead MoreSociological Imagination: Generalized Anxiety Disorder1536 Words   |  7 Pagesresources at all levels of functioning in the interests of conservation, defense, and self- preservation.† (Anxiety 1) If a person suffers from anxiety there is a major loss of control and then an attempt to regain that control because of a fear that they have. Anxiety disorders are one of the most frequently occurring mental disorders in the United States. However, anxiety disorders are not only found in the United States. They are found throughout the world. They just happen to be most predominating inRead MoreMedia Simply Reflects and Reinforces Existing Social Values Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesMedia Simply Reflects and Reinforces Existing Social Values There is a notion held by many people that the media has the power to affect our beliefs, attitudes, values and behaviours either directly or indirectly. Many sociologists believe that the media could be extremely powerful and influential because of their technology, economics, and because of the sheer scale of operations. There has been a tremendous amount of research done into the possible short and longRead MoreSociology Of Education As A Social Institution1489 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment, success, and social mobility, and as a cornerstone of democracy, sociologists who study education take a critical view of these assumptions to study how the institution actually operates within society. To what extent educational institutions are successful in realizing these ideals. They consider what other social functions education might have, like for example socialization into gender and class roles, and what other social outcomes contemporary educational institutions might produce

Racial Discrimination And The Criminal Justice System

Although saying the criminal justice system is racist is a controversial statement, there is evidence and statistics that prove it to be true. Research and evidence validate the issue of racism to be undeniable. Equality and justice are out of reach with the racism that takes place in our criminal justice system and our country. Racial discrimination is prevalent amongst the African American culture in issues regarding drug use, and incarceration which creates unfair inequality for this race. I will use peer reviewed articles to verify the racial disparity in the criminal justice system. The first article I am going to focus on, Foreword: Addressing the Real World of Racial Injustice in the Criminal Justice System, was written by Donna Coker . Primarily, the article talks about the statistical evidence of in justice regarding racial profiling in policing and imprisonment. Official incarceration data speaks for itself when it shows that although African Americans make up twelve percent of the U.S. population, they make up of almost half of the population incarcerated for crimes (Coker, 2003). Researchers with the Bureau of Justice Statistics estimate that twenty-eight percent of African Americans will be imprisoned at one point in their life (Coker, 2003). A study conducted by the Sentencing Project reports that nearly one in three African American men between the ages of twenty and twenty-nine are under the supervision of the criminal justice system on any given day (CokerShow MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination And The Criminal Justice System1725 Words   |  7 Pages Racial discrimination is defines as racism that implicates the credence in racial differences, which acts as a justification for non-equal treatment of members of that race. Also, this paper will be focusing on the race industry within the criminal justice system in all level law enforcement, courts and court system. Racial discrimination can be researched back in history its leading enablers take it as undisputable that the African American community has the highest number of incarceration ratesRead MoreRacial Discrimination Within The Criminal Justice System1271 Words   |  6 PagesRacial discrimination is where an employer commits race discrimination when it makes job decisions based on race or when it adopts seemingly neutral job policies that disproportionately affect members of a particular race. Federal and most state laws prohibit workplace race discrimination. Title VII -- the federal law that prohibits racial discrimination of the U.S. Constitution and the Civil Rights A ct of 1964 work in concert to ensure that each resident’s chances in the pursuit of happiness areRead MoreRacial Inequality919 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is racial inequality? Racial inequality is discrepancies in the opportunities and treatment of people based solely on their race. Racial inequality is a serious issue that is often discussed in the American criminal justice system. Although racial discrimination is present in the criminal justice system, some people use the words inequality, discrimination, racism, and profiling loosely and do not understand how truly complex it is to prove that there actually is racial inequality present inRead MoreCases And Labeling Theory : Case Analysis971 Words   |  4 Pagesabout two cases that have been solved one with a negative result and another with a positive outcome with racial bias in capital cases. â€Å"However, The Baldus Study has given a big lead to the disagreement in the allegations in the Georgia courtroom against c apital punishment which has pertained to an African American in the equal justice†(Baldus Study,2015). Another important case in our court system is the McCleskey v. Kemp. McCleskey was presumably charged with the murder of an officer in Kemp, whichRead MoreThe Bearing of Race and Ethnicity in the Criminal Justice System1285 Words   |  5 Pagesto whether or not race and ethnicity have a bearing on an individual’s treatment in the criminal justice system for many years. I will be arguing that race and ethnicity do in fact, have a bearing on one’s treatment in the criminal justice system. I will be backing up my position on this topic by providing evidence from five scholarly articles. My first source is African Americans and the Criminal Justice system by Phyllis Gray-Ray, Melvin C. Ray, Sandra Rutland, and Sharon Turner. The authors’ hypothesisRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Racism Analysis1348 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee wrote, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† during a racial period in her home state of Alabama. This was when the South was still segregated, forcing blacks to use separate facilities apart from those used by whites. The Civil Rights movement started to become more active when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955. During this period, Martin Luther King, Jr., became the leader of the movement, and the issue began to gain serious national attention. This isRead MoreRacial Impact Statements : Considering The Consequences Of Racial Disproportionalities On The Criminal Justice System964 Words   |  4 Pagestitled, Racial Impact Statements: Considering the Consequences of Racial Disproportionalit ies in the Criminal Justice System, the article addresses how the American Criminal justice system has been suffering from the dramatic increase in mass incarceration and the uneven rates of racial disproportionalities and disparities. These disproportionate impacts with minorities within the criminal justice system are all impacted from neutral laws, policies and practices. Statements made with racial impactRead MoreCriminal Justice: Racial Disparity and Discrimination and O.J. Simpson768 Words   |  4 PagesCriminal law is based on the principle of actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea. The principle is to the extent that a man is not guilty of his acts, actus in the absence of a guilty conscience, mens rea (Gardner, 2009). To this end, criminal law justice provides that the person alleging the commission of a crime must proof beyond reasonable doubt that the accused person(s) possessed mens rea, if the court is to hold a criminal liability against the accused. In the case of People of the State ofRead MoreRacial Discrimination807 Words   |  4 Pagessubject to racial discrimination for decades. In the United States, racial prejudice in the criminal justice system has had a profound effect on the lives of African-Americans and Hispanics. From policing to trial to sentencing, racism against minorities occurs throughout the entire process in the criminal justice system. This research paper will outline some of the aspects and evidence of racial discrimination in the criminal justice system. ​Keywords: criminal justice, discrimination, profilingRead MoreLatino And Hispanic : The United States And Latin America1267 Words   |  6 Pagesyouth in the U.S. justice system, focuses on the Latinos community residing in the United States and Latin America. Primarily, the research focuses on Latino/a youths in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, the research report discusses Latino communities are getting differential treatment than other racial and ethnic communities from the United States criminal justice system. The research report has many case studies and story of incidences of Latino/a youths facing racial and ethnic disparities

Product and Service Classifications Free Essays

Product and service classifications Products and services wide range, whether for personal use or business. Tangible, intangible. Depend on function they serve. We will write a custom essay sample on Product and Service Classifications or any similar topic only for you Order Now Can be raw, unfinished or final goods. Generally classified depending on domestic use (final) or conducting business (further processes) Organization, person, place and idea (IS) marketing POOP Organization marketing – Activities to sell the org Create, change, maintain the attitudes and behavior s of target consumers toward an organization Business firms sponsor advertising campaigns to improve image or market themselves to publics and stakeholders. Helps to market for free in media and improve investment confidence and improve sales from getting publicity Person marketing – Used to build reputation of people – recognized/business people. Create, change, maintain attitudes towards specific people. Make use of well- known people to represent products to help them sell. Egg Big razors with Tended Miterwort aka â€Å"the Beast† Skillful marketing can turn person’s name into a powerhouse brand. Egg Donald Trump and his self- titled products. Place marketing – Create, change, maintain attitudes toward specific places from local to international. Places are competing against each other for tourism business. Egg Tomorrow land in Belgium and Pizza in Spain both well- known party places of the world. Ideas marketing and social marketing can be general or specific The diffusion of notions which help market a product or service. It is more than advertising, it encourages the broad range use of marketing tools = all marketing strategies Like advertising that Colgate toothpaste is number 1 Part of this marketing is social marketing – process of planning campaigns that influence individual’s behavior toward helping a society’s well- being using marketing tools – all marketing tools 1) Benefits they want 2) Reducing barriers they’re concerned about and BY offend BEEPER 3) The use of persuasion to motivate their participation in programmer activities. Social marketing makes use of campaigns to promote awareness, such as health campaigns for cancer, environmental campaigns for environment protection and others that promote equality and rights. Classified depending on the kind of consumers who use them. The distinction between the two is the purpose for buying the product. If a lawn mower is bought just for home use it is a consumer product. If bought for lawn mowing business it is an industrial product. Part 1 Consumer products are Prod and service bought for final consumption. Classified on how they are bought. CUSS – buying behavior, compare, cost, distribution, promotion frequency/method. Convenience PS’s are Bought frequently, immediately with minimal effort and without much pre purchase landing, info gathering or brand comparing. Except popular brand names, well known Egg – sweets, cigarettes, fast food. Are usually low priced, placed in locations that make them easily available when needed. (been in maturity stage for long time) egg coca cola Mass promotion – Low customer involvement Unsought P;S’s Consumer don’t know about or not think of buying or negative interest toward. Most new products on market are unsought. Egg life insurance or blood donations. Price varies, Distribution varies, Aggressive promoting by producer/reseller Shopping P;S’s are pass Less frequently purchased products and services, higher price that customers compare carefully on price quality, suitability and style. Lots of time spent gathering info/comparing. Products distributed to few outlets, given info for comparison effort Egg Airline services, furniture. Advertising and personalized target selling by producer and reseller. Special itty As are Unique BRAND/characteristics ID = Loyalty. Certain groups willing to make special effort to get. Exclusive distribution and outlets to purchase, High price/low sensitivity cause of this don’t compare; invest only time needed to reach dealers carrying. Role/custom designed clothing. Specific targeting by producer/reseller Part 1 Industrial products are Products purchased for further processing or for use in conducting business Materials and Parts INPUTS/resources Pri ce and service are the major marketing factors. Branding and advertising are less important. Raw materials consist of farm products such as livestock or fruit and Natural products such as wood and iron ore. Manufactured materials and parts consist of: Component materials like iron and cement and Component parts like motors and trees. Capital items PRODUCTIONS Aid in the buyer’s production or operations, including installations and accessory equipment Installations consists of major purchases like building (factories and offices) and fixed equipment like (generators, large computer systems) Accessory equipment includes Portable factory equipment and tools such as tractors and hand tools Office equipment such as computers and office desks, they have shorter life than installations and aid in the production process. Supplies and services (business) sups ORBS services Bad m Supplies are the convenience products of the industrial field because purchased with minimum effort or comparison Operating supplies such as coal, paper, pencils Repair and maintenance items such as paint, nails and brooms Business services are services supplied under contract Include Maintenance and repair services such as carpet cleaning or computer repair. Business advisory services such as legal services or advertising. How to cite Product and Service Classifications, Papers

A Streetcar named Desire Essay Example For Students

A Streetcar named Desire Essay Reality is a double-edged sword – we can evade it and face the consequences of doing so, or, we can face it and suffer the consequences of doing so. All too often, reality can be overwhelmingly negative, and with no other means of escape other than to deny the truth of their situation, a person will evade their reality. Death, loss, aging and a past that is best forgotten can often lead a person to falsify their reality. This notion is exemplified in Tennessee Williams play A Streetcar Named Desire through protagonist Blanche Dubois who, through suffering through the death of her husband and most of her family, lost her cherished childhood home, it ‘on-the-shelf’ and trying to escape a promiscuous past has no option but to escape her reality and present a faux reality to those around her. The unreality of presented by Blanche is one in which she is dainty, pure, beautiful and desirable, a ‘reality’ she aims to perpetuate by hiding from harsh light and omitting details of her history with men to help her create the ‘magic’ of her reality. While Blanche explicitly states; â€Å"I don’t want realism,† through Stanley, Tennessee William’s puts forth the idea to his audience that reality is inescapable, and that the consequences for escaping reality are dire, harsh and cruelly judged by society. Blanche, who escapes her objectively reality is raped and suffers a severe mental collapse, being reduced to talking to imaginary onlookers and admirers, whereas Stanley, a blunt realist suffers no consequences, even getting his desire to be rid of Stella’s sister. By not trying to cope and resolve the difficulties and hardships in a reality, the problems are able to fester and grow, and are exacerbated to far greater, and even epic proportions. During the People’s Republic of China’s ‘Great Leap Forward’ reality became ignored by the people of China and the willing ignorance of Chinese leaders led to millions of deaths. During the Great Leap, grain production figures were falsified and inflated to ridiculous extents (a harvest of 200 million tonnes was reported to be 450 million! ) and those sceptical of the figures were shouted down by Maoist idealists unwilling to acknowledge the reality of China’s situation. Jung Chang – a Chinese historian, remarked â€Å"It was a time when telling fantasies to oneself and believing them was practised to an incredible degree in China. † The reality of China’s situation was severe food shortages, and between 1959 and 1961, 30 million Chinese people died due to famine. Lie’s and fallacies which created a false reality for Colin Sinclair eventually resulted in inescapable consequences for Colin Sinclair. In the article â€Å"I’m an Anzac fake,† Colin Sinclair revealed that he had been lying about his ‘service’ in the Vietnam War. According to Sinclair, one lie just â€Å"grew and grew† until he felt that he had to escape. Sinclair’s lies resulted in stigma and disapproval from both war veterans and wider society, and these consequences were inescapable. By avoiding reality, we render ourselves unable to cope with what cause the need for us to escape in the first place, and even though we are able to temporarily evade reality, the reality we left behind eventually catches up to us. Alternatively, however, there are situations in which escaping reality will yield no greater consequences than dealing with it. When our lifestyle is threatened, to preserve it, we lit, and may even ignore reality. Griffin Mill from the film The Player was in danger of having his lifestyle robbed from him for his murder of David Kahane. Rather than confessing to police his guilt surrounding the murder of Kahane, Mill instead hides the reality to prevent his utter social destruction. Murderers and Their Victims EssayShe has always heard the music, but then she hears it distorted, showing how she is seeing things in her mind. Then the music stops, which shows Blanches last connection with sanity broken. Another way that Williams dramatises Blanches final demise into madness is the way she dresses. She always dresses really well and in light colours. When she is first seen in the beginning of scene I, she is described to dress; As if she were arriving at a summer tea or cocktail party in the garden district. However, although they appear to be expensive, they arent. For example, her diamond tiara is actually rhinestone. How she dresses represents how she is. She tries really hard to always make sure she is clean and dressed nicely, so that she appears clean and nice. She bathes a lot of the time so she feels clean. In scene V she accidentally gets coke on her dress, and she screams, but calms down once she realises it is not stained. Stella asks her; Blanche, why did you scream like that? Blanche doesnt give her an answer. This shows that she doesnt really know, or doesnt want to think about it. She also dresses mostly in light colours and white, which represents virginity, where she is trying to forget her past as a prostitute. In the beginning of scene I, the description of her is; looking as if she were arriving at a summer tea or a cocktail party in the garden district. This shows that this is where she would like to be going, and how she would like to be seen. In scene X, at the beginning of the scene, she is dressed in a crumpled and stained white dress and scuffed shoes; she has decked herself out in a somewhat soiled and crumpled white satin evening gown and a pair of scuffed silver slippers. This is where she is starting to show her true self, and she is not trying so hard to pretend that she is rich and innocent anymore. This is after Stanley has given her tickets back to Laurel, which she cant do, and after Mitch said he doesnt want to be with her anymore. Everyone knows about her past, so she is no longer trying to conceal it. She doesnt see a future for herself, as she can no longer marry Mitch and Stanley is forcing her out. In scene XI, she is wearing clean clothes again and dressing nicely, as she thinks that she id going away with Shep Huntleigh, although it is all in her mind and she is actually going to a Mental Institute. This shows that she is trying again to make herself look nice to deceive this man. Another way Williams dramatises Blanches final demise into madness is by the way she acts. At the beginning of scene IX she is sitting in a tense, hunched position, and she is drinking liquor. This shows she is trying to escape what has happened; Mitch did not show up at her birthday party, and Stanley gave her a bus ticket back to Laurel. When Mitch arrives, he is drunk, unshaven and rude to her, but she just ignores it. As Mitch says; I wasnt going to see you any more, she says that she cant hear him. This shows that she is just trying to escape reality. She always avoids harsh light, as she doesnt like people knowing how old she is. When Mitch firsts asks her, she manages to change the subject, and she only goes out with him when it is dark. Once he tears the paper lantern off of the light bulb, she cries out. This is because she cannot hide how she looks anymore. She has always been sensitive about her age and how she looks, like when she only lets Mitch see her after dark in dimly-lighted place. The lantern represents her fragile shell of normality and beauty hiding her interior which she doesnt want anyone else to see.